Incorporation of Palm Kernel Shell into Fired Clay Brick

Conventional steam activation for conversion of oil palm kernel shell biomass into activated carbon via biochar product

Conventional steam activation pyrolysis of waste materials such as oil palm kernel shell for production of biochar was investigated using central composite design. Conventional steam activation was carried out via an initial carbonization of oil palm kernel shell to obtain biochar and thereafter steam activation of the biochar using the conventional heating to produce activated carbon. Addition...

Characterization of Bio-oil from Palm Kernel Shell Pyrolysis

Pyrolysis of palm kernel shell in a fixed-bed reactor was studied in this paper. The objectives were to investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperature and particle size on the products yield and to characterize the bio-oil product. In order to get the optimum pyrolysis parameters on bio-oil yield, temperatures of 350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 °C and particle sizes of 212–300 μm, 300–600 μm, 600μm...

Characterisation of Pulverised Palm Kernel Shell for Sustainable Waste Diversification

The paper presents a report on the physico-thermal properties and elemental composition of pulverized palm kernel shell to enhance its use in engineering applications. Clean palm kernel shell were dried, milled and screened to obtain particles 0.23 mm mean diameter. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the physical and thermal properties of the pulverized palm kernel shell and its differentia...

Incorporation of paper sludge in clay brick formulation: Ten years of industrial experience

Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Co-Firing of Palm Kernel Shell and Coal

The increasing global demand for palm oil and its products has led to a significant growth in palm plantations and palm oil production. Unfortunately, these bring serious environmental problems, largely because of the large amounts of waste material produced, including palm kernel shell (PKS). In this study, we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the PKS co-firing of a 300 MW...